A vassal is a person who is granted land or other property by a lord in exchange for service. Vassals were often of lower social status than their lords, and they were expected to provide military support, financial assistance, and other services to their lords. In return, lords provided their vassals with protection and support. The relationship between lord and vassal was based on mutual obligation and loyalty.
Louis IX leaves for the seventh crusade. 14th century miniature taken from the Chronicles of Saint-Denis, circa 1332-1355. British Library, London • WIKIMEDIA COMMONS It was Pope Urban II who took the initiative to preach the First Crusade . The victories won by the crusaders between 1096 and 10
A handful of ancient zircon crystals found in South Africa contain the oldest evidence of subduction, a key element of plate tectonics, according to a new study published in AGU Advances, the journal of the American Geophysical Union for research in the sciences. of Earth and space. These rare time
The 18th and 19th centuries were the period when all armies relied on the leiocan frontal musket as their primary infantry weapon. However, a gunsmith in Tyrol saw into the future. Bartholomäus Girandoni lived in Tyrol. Traditionally the area was the source of the best light infantry, the famous
The Panther tank was designed as a response to Soviet tank superiority, both in quality and numbers. Its construction specifications were set in January 1942, while the Battle of Moscow was still in progress. The prototypes appeared in August of the same year and the first production Panther left