The Arab Revolt (1916-1918) was launched by Hussein ibn Ali in order to obtain the independence of Arabia from the Ottoman Empire. He wanted to create a unified Arab state stretching from Aleppo in Syria to Aden in Yemen. The revolt is linked to the rise of Arab nationalist movements, determined to break out of Ottoman tutelage. In 1916, Hussein launched jihad against the Ottoman Empire, led by the CUP (Young Turk Movement). Hussein receives diplomatic and logistical support from the British. Advised by T.E. Lawrence, he attacked Mecca then Medina, the seat of the Ottoman garrison. In June 1917, he took the city of Akaba, a port city located on the Red Sea, which allowed the revolt to refuel. British General Allenby pushes the revolt to head north. On November 17, 1917, the city of Jaffa was taken, followed by Jerusalem on December 9 of the same year. The revolt then brought together Christians, Jews and Arab Muslims. In September 1918, the rebels took Damascus. On October 30, 1918, the Ottoman Empire signed the Armistice of Moudros.
Fruit of the expansion of the Arabs, the Turkish-Ottoman Empire was consolidated in the 13th century thanks to the military victories of the Ottoman warrior I (1258-1324). Coming from the tribe of Ghuzz, located in present-day Kazakhstan, the Ottomans undertook a long process of territorial expansio