Ancient history

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Roman Manipulates

The maniple (Latin manipulus pl. manipula) is a subdivision of the ancient Roman legion.

It is made up of two centuries, within the same cohort, for a workforce that varied between 120 and 200 men during the Roman Republic. A hierarchy existed between these two centuries:ordo prior, ordo minor, and the centurion of the ordo prior was the superior of the centurion commanding the other century. The soldiers of the maniple considered each other as brothers in arms (commanipulares). However, they were less close than in a contubernium. It is also the name of the insignia worn by each unit.

In 390 BC. J.-C., following the defeat of the Roman phalanxes inherited from the Etruscans facing the Gauls, and because of the lack of flexibility of the phalanx, the Romans put in place new tactical units copied from the Samnite units, which could act more independently of each other, manipulate them.

After the reform of Marius, the maniple is a sub-unit of the cohort which can, on occasion, split into maniple if the terrain or the tactics require the use of a flexible unit, i.e. more small.

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