Socialism corresponds to the current of thought that emerged in the 19th century, which confronts liberalism and capitalism, proposes a social and economic configuration in which private means of production do not exist, they are directed by the state. Within the socialist political-economic system there are differences in the regime, some strict doctrines believe in centralized state power, others in decentralized power.
Utopian Socialism, created by Saint-Simon, imagines an ideal society, however, it does not inform the ways to achieve it. Scientific Socialism, a theory developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels based on historical materialism, is aimed at organizing the proletarian and carrying out a revolution.
China, since the 19th century, was considered “the backyard of the world”. Mao Tse-Tung led a revolution to detach it from exploitation by other nations. From patriotism, the Chinese Communist Party elaborated an autonomous line of socialism, to detach itself from the bond with the Soviet Union, the break created a rivalry between the two countries.
While the Marxist socialist current aimed at taking power from the urban workers, the Chinese socialist ideology focused on the rural worker.
In Cuba, socialism was integrated in the country as a form of political restructuring, it lived a dictatorship that was abolished with North American support, then a new state emerged, based on policies similar to those of the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, but with the decline from the Soviet Union in 1991, Cuba sank into an interminable crisis, even suffering economic embargoes.
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