Castle: fortified residence of the king or a feudal lord and members of his court, a common construction throughout the Middle Ages. During this period, Europe was in a constant state of war, which required a building capable of withstanding attacks and sieges. In addition to serving as a refuge for the king or lord and his court, castles also performed other functions, such as prison, wealth guard, ammunition and weapons of war arsenals and even centers of local administration.
This scheme presents some of the main parts of a medieval castle. The part that stands out the most is the tribute tower, a fortification that served as the last bastion of defense. Most castles were surrounded by a moat, which could only be crossed via a drawbridge.
Bodiam Castle:
The Bodiam Castle built in Sussex, England, during the 14th century, was one of the first to combine defense and comfort needs for its residents. The moat and high walls ensured safety, but there were also carefully planned accommodations inside, including an atrium and chapel. The castle was partially destroyed in the 17th century, during the English Civil War, but underwent restoration in the early 20th century and was donated to the nation by Lord Curzon, an English statesman.
Middle Ages