80 years of the Battle of the Ebro

1938-2018
80 years of the Battle of the Ebro

«Whoever does not know his history
is doomed to repeat his mistakes»

Desperta Ferro Especiales III:1938. The Battle of the Ebro (2nd Ed.)

The Battle of the Ebro is probably the most bloody and long battles waged within the Spanish Civil War. Faced with a rebellious faction that would end up strengthening its regime, the Republic fragmented politically and territorially, dangerously approaching collapse. In this issue we carry out an analysis in which there is no lack of a synthesis of the facts and their context, the latest interpretations and a look towards the emotional and human. The rebellious side would face the arduous republican resistance that until its last consequences had hope that a world war would break out that would be worth allies.

Desperta Ferro Contemporánea no. 4:Madrid 1936

The November fighting, in which the capital was saved against all odds for the Republic, they are among those with the greatest symbolic value and the most transcendent for the subsequent development of the Civil War. The battle of Madrid was a much broader process than the direct attack and defense of the city. In Desperta Ferro Contemporánea we have focused our attention on that autumn of 1936 in which, in addition to the fight marked by urgency and drama, a series of transformations took place that would give the characteristics of a conventional and total war.

Desperta Ferro Contemporánea No. 9:The Civil War in Vizcaya

On March 31, 1937, what that generals from Franco's entourage, such as Kindelán or Juan Vigón, had been demanding:a "turn to the north" of the Civil War strategy in light of the repeated failures against Madrid. The Vizcaya campaign lasted three months until the total occupation of Basque soil. The fall of Bilbao meant the beginning of the end of the North for the Republic and a more immediate defeat for the cause of Basque nationalism. Meanwhile, traditionalism and conservatism framed in the rebel faction emerged triumphant, which had an uncontested fiefdom in Navarre and in part of the Basque territory.

Awake Ferro Contemporary #16:The Battle of Guadalajara

The battle of Guadalajara marked the end of the first cycle Civil War operations around Madrid. This latest clash for the dominance of the capital occurred at a time of profound transformations such as the internationalization of the contest. The outcome of the battle of Guadalajara was the last act of a fundamental change of course in the course of the war. If in July 1936 there had been a transition from a coup d'état to a contest that was to be short and end with the conquest of Madrid, as of March 1937, the nationals understood that to win it was no longer enough to conquer the capital, it was it will be necessary to operate in other peripheral theaters and dominate the country as a whole to win.

Awake Ferro Contemporary #23:The Battle of Teruel

The battle of Teruel was one of the crucial moments of the Spanish Civil War, because although initially it was a resounding victory for the Republic, it soon became an important stage towards its final defeat. On December 22, 1937, the government Army secured, for the first time throughout the war, a provincial capital, and also managed to divert the Francoists' attention from Madrid. However, in just one week they began a series of counterattacks that would lead them to retake the city in February 1938, and, more importantly, to leave their opponents' troops very battered, inflicting wear and tear on them that they were not capable of sustaining. palliate.

Awake Ferro Contemporary #27:The Offensive on Valencia

After reaching the sea in 1938 and cutting into Two the territory of the Republic, Franco will choose to continue the offensive on Valencia, and its result will be a series of extremely intense combats both in the interior mountains of the Maestrazgo and in its coastal foothills in the province of Castellón, brutal assaults through hilly terrain, accelerated construction of fortified defensive positions, constant reorganization of the army corps and divisions to maintain the pace of the attack or stop it, all of these are fundamental elements of the history of these combats, which will grant the Republic a fundamental defensive victory, a balloon that will allow the launch of the Ebro offensive.

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