- War damage and disruption led to widespread economic problems such as inflation, unemployment and poverty.
- The global recession in the early 1920s further worsened the economic situation in Europe.
- Many countries had to deal with large war debts and reparations.
Political Problems
- Many new democracies were fragile and unstable, lacking in democratic traditions and institutions.
- The rise of extremist political movements, such as fascism and communism, posed a threat to democracy.
- Minority groups within these new democracies often faced discrimination and violence.
- Women were typically denied the right to vote and participate fully in politics.
Social Problems
- The war left millions of people displaced, orphaned, or otherwise in need of assistance.
- Many returning soldiers faced difficulty reintegrating into civilian life and finding jobs.
- There were widespread shortages of food, housing, and other basic necessities.
- Disease and malnutrition were rampant, leading to a decline in public health.
Psychological Problems
- The war had a profound psychological impact on the population, leaving many people traumatized and disillusioned.
- Feelings of anger, grief, and a loss of faith in traditional values and institutions were widespread.