- Treaty of Versailles: This treaty was imposed on Germany and was blamed for many Germans' political and economic unhappiness. It forced Germany to accept total responsibility for the conflict, give up all territory, pay reparations, and reduce the size of its army.
- Treaty of Saint-Germain: This treaty dissolved Austria-Hungary and created smaller nations like Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Austria. It reduced Austria's territory by 70%, stripped it of its sea access, and burdened it with debt, fostering national humiliation and resentment.
- Treaty of Trianon: This treaty reduced the size of Hungary by about two-thirds and gave substantial territories to Romania, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia, creating irredentist (nationalistic) resentments in areas with significant ethnic Hungarian populations.
- Treaty of Neuilly: This treaty reduced Bulgaria's territory, requiring it to cede land to Greece and Yugoslavia, which contributed to nationalist anger and political instability.
- Treaty of Sèvres: This treaty was very harsh and imposed on the Ottoman Empire, resulting in the loss of almost all its territories and the disbanding of the empire. It paved the way for the Turkish revolution and the emergence of modern Turkey under Mustapha Kemal Atatürk.