Curriculum and Propaganda: The curriculum was heavily influenced by the Nazi ideology, promoting German language and culture while minimizing French history and literature. Propaganda was integrated into textbooks and lessons to glorify Nazi Germany and justify the occupation.
Attendance and Collaboration: School attendance was mandatory, but many students and teachers resisted by engaging in various forms of passive resistance, such as refusing to participate in pro-Nazi activities or demonstrating patriotism through covert acts. Some schools became centers of collaboration, while others actively supported the Resistance movement.
Persecution of Jewish Students and Teachers: Jewish students and teachers faced severe persecution. They were excluded from schools, and many were deported to concentration camps. Some schools and teachers provided support and protection for Jewish students and educators, putting themselves at risk.
Resistance and Solidarity: Many teachers and students became active members of the French Resistance, using their schools as meeting places or distribution points for underground literature. They risked their lives to fight against the occupation and support Allied forces.
Post-War Reconstruction: After the war, the French school system underwent significant reconstruction. The focus shifted to restoring national identity, promoting republican values, and educating students about the dangers of totalitarianism and Nazism.
Overall, French school life during World War II was marked by challenges, tensions, resistance, and resilience, as students, teachers, and administrators navigated the complexities of a country under occupation.