1297: Edward I of England issues the Model Parliament, the first Parliament to include representatives from the common people.
1298: Battle of Falkirk: Edward I of England defeats William Wallace and the Scottish rebels.
1305: Pope Clement V moves the papal court from Rome to Avignon, France, beginning the Avignon Papacy.
1308: Philip IV of France arrests the Knights Templar on charges of heresy, and many knights are burned at the stake.
1310: Henry VII of Luxembourg is elected Holy Roman Emperor, beginning the Luxembourg Dynasty.