2. Military defeats: Russia's performance in the war was poor, with several military setbacks. The Russian military was unprepared and poorly equipped, leading to heavy casualties. These defeats resulted in a loss of morale and confidence in the government's ability to lead.
3. Political instability: World War I exposed the weaknesses and shortcomings of the Russian political system. The Tsarist autocracy was inefficient, corrupt, and out of touch with the needs of the people. Wartime conditions further exacerbated political tensions and led to calls for reform and change.
4. Propaganda and revolutionary ideas: During the war, revolutionary propaganda spread widely among Russian soldiers and civilians. Soldiers returning from the front brought with them stories of harsh conditions and the injustices they had witnessed. This exposure to new ideas and experiences accelerated the spread of revolutionary sentiments.
5. Bolshevik party's influence: The Bolshevik party, led by Vladimir Lenin, took advantage of the widespread dissatisfaction and political instability. The party's promises of peace, land, and workers' rights appealed to the masses. The Bolsheviks capitalized on the war-time crisis to strengthen their organization and gain support.