- Rejection of Divine Right: Paine argued against the divine right of kings, the notion that monarchs derive their authority directly from God. He challenged the idea that George III had absolute power and that his rule was ordained by God.
- Natural Rights: Paine emphasized the inherent rights of individuals to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. He argued that these rights were granted by nature and not subject to the whims of a monarch or government.
- Sovereignty of the People: Paine asserted that the people, not the king, are the source of legitimate political power. He maintained that the purpose of government was to serve the interests of the governed and that individuals had the right to alter or abolish a government that failed to do so.
- Tyranny and Resistance: Paine argued that when a government systematically violated the rights of its citizens, it became tyrannical and the people had the right to resist and overthrow such a government.
- Call for Independence: Paine urged the colonists to declare independence from Great Britain. He portrayed British rule as oppressive, unjust, and incompatible with the principles of freedom and self-government.
The ideas expounded in Common Sense resonated deeply with the colonists, who were already disillusioned by British policies and perceived injustices. Paine's pamphlet contributed to the growing sentiment for independence and the rejection of British authority. It played a significant role in shaping public opinion and galvanizing the colonists to unite and fight for their rights and self-determination.