- The Holocaust and other genocides: This refers to the systematic extermination of Jews and other minority groups by the Nazi regime. Such actions were carried out in concentration and extermination camps such as Auschwitz and Dachau.
- Bombings of civilian areas: The Allied forces engaged in strategic bombings of German cities, resulting in widespread destruction and loss of civilian lives. Notable bombings include the air raids on Dresden and Cologne.
- The invasion of Poland: The German invasion of Poland on September 1, 1939, which marked the beginning of World War II.
- The invasion of the Soviet Union (Operation Barbarossa): The large-scale invasion of the Soviet Union by Nazi Germany in June 1941.
- The Battle of Stalingrad: A prolonged and devastating battle between Germany and the Soviet Union in the city of Stalingrad, which resulted in a decisive Soviet victory.