- Invention of new machines powered by steam, like steam engine, spinning jenny, and power loom
- Development of faster modes of transportation such as steam locomotives and steamships
2. Urbanization
- Rapid growth of cities as people moved from rural areas to work in factories
- Rise of slums due to overcrowding and poor sanitation
3. Economic Growth
- Increased industrial production and wealth
- Growth of capitalism and free markets
- Emergence of large corporations
4. Social Changes
- Birth of working class
- Rise of labor movement and trade unions
- Improvement in living standards
- Increased consumerism
5. Environmental Impact
- Pollution due to industrial processes
- Deforestation for wood to power steam engines
- Climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions
6. Global Expansion
- Industrialization spread to other countries leading to worldwide economic growth and interconnectedness
- Colonialism and exploitation of resources from Africa and Asia
7. Cultural Changes
- Shift from religious values to secular values
- Rise of mass media and advertising
- New forms of art, literature, and music
8. Political Changes
- Shift from absolute monarchies to constitutional and republican forms of government
- Growth of democratic movements and ideas
9. Increased Warfare and Conflict
- Advances in military technology including machine guns and dreadnoughts
- Rise of nationalism and imperialism
- Increased conflicts and wars including World War I and II
10. Technological and Social Impact on Daily Life
- Mass production of consumer goods
- Improved transportation, communication, and infrastructure
- Increased leisure time and opportunities for entertainment
- Changing roles for women and children in the workforce
- Emergence of modern healthcare and education systems
Overall, the Industrial Revolution brought significant technological, economic, and social changes that shaped the world as we know it today. It laid the foundation for modern industrial society, but also came with challenges such as pollution, inequality, and conflict.