When Elizabeth I, the last monarch of the Tudor dynasty, died, the royal family of England was succeeded by the Stuart family, and the Stuart dynasty was born here.
The first King of the Stuart dynasty was James I, but his mother, Mary Stewart, was executed by Elizabeth I.
Queen of Scotts
When we think of British history, we almost forget that England and Scotland are different kingdoms. Or you probably don't know that.
Since Hadrian built the Great Britain on Britain in ancient Roman times, Britain has been divided into England in the south and Scotland in the north. Furthermore, the southern part of England was divided into England, mainly Germanic people, and Wales, where many Gauls live.
Mary was born in 1542 as a child of King James V of Scotland. However, in the same year James V died and all of her brothers had died, so Mary would succeed Queen of Scotland just six days after her birth.
However, such infants could not be in charge of government, and the actual politics was carried out by the regent Count James Hamilton.
At that time, it was the time of King Henry VIII of England, and Henry VIII engaged Mary with Edward VI, who was the crown prince at that time, but at the suggestion of her birth mother, Mary went to France for a while to escape from her political disputes. I decided to move and live.
Mary has since preferred French, and later she will use French-style Stuart from Stewart. She said Mary loved France for the rest of her life, probably more than her native England.
In 1558, Mary married Francois, the Crown Prince of France. In the same year, her sister, Queen Elizabeth, became King of England, but since Queen Elizabeth suppressed Catholicism and made the British Church a legitimate church as a Protestant, Catholics centered on the Pope opposed this, France. The King and Pope claimed that Mary, not Elizabeth I, was the legitimate Queen of England. It would have been great that Queen Elizabeth's mother Anne Boleyn was executed and Queen Elizabeth herself became her prince.
When King Henry II of France died in the same year, Prince Francis became King of France as Francis II, and Mary became Queen of France.
This year was a turbulent year in Western European countries, with Protestants revolting in Scotland and Catholics rebelling in England.
France and Scotland advocating Catholicism and England are in a fierce conflict, England supports Scotland's Protestantism, France sends the Navy but is defeated, the Treaty of Edinburgh is signed between the two countries, and France intervenes in Scotland. It is decided not to do it.
In 1560, Mary's husband, Francis II, died. He was only 16 years old.
Mary, who became her sole ruler of Scotland, made her half-brother James Stewart a political adviser, and she showed tolerance on domestic religious issues.
Catholics were the majority in Scotland at the time, but the number of Protestants, including her brother James, was increasing, and there may have been a background that would not have been possible without religious reconciliation.
Remarriage, death of her favorite, childbirth, death of her husband
Mary Stewart's life is truly dizzying.
Prior to her husband, Mary remarries Sir Darnley Henry despite being disturbed by Queen Elizabeth.
Sir Darnley was from a family of the English royal family and was of Stewart descent, and was wary of Queen Elizabeth's increased succession to her throne.
According to the results, the child born to Sir Darnley Henry and Mary will be the next King James I of England, as Queen Elizabeth fears, but a terrible incident occurs when Mary is pregnant with James.
Mary loved a person named Ritchio, a musician from Piedmont, Italy, and was her own secretary.
Her younger brother, James Stewart, rebelled against this and joined hands with Queen Elizabeth of England to revolt against her sister.
The rebellion ended in the defeat of her younger brother due to lack of sufficient support from the English side, but there were strong opposition to Mary from other aristocrats.
In 1566, several aristocrats broke into the Scottish royal palace and murdered Ritchio in front of Mary.
The following year, her husband, Sir Darling-Henry, is murdered. The culprit is unknown, but given the situation, it is very likely Mary and Earl of Bothwell.
After Henry's death, Mary and Count Boswell were married, and her repulsive aristocrats rebelled against Queen Mary, forcing her to go into exile in England.
Mary in her later years
For 20 years after her exile, Mary enjoyed her free life. She is said to have been involved in several assassinations of Queen Elizabeth, however, and Mary was executed by Queen Elizabeth in 1588.
The Pope and other Catholic nations were very outraged by this, and King Philip II of Spain, with the Pope's forgiveness, sent his own fleet, Armada, to England.
It is the beginning of the world-famous Armada naval battle.