The history of mankind can always be seen as a class struggle between the rich and the poor.
The history of the Roman republic was also the history of the conflict between the aristocrats and the commoners.
What sets Rome apart from any other regime is the " tribune " as a commoner organization against aristocrats. It can be said that it was because there was a system.
This time is the history of such a "tribune".
The term of office is one year, and it is selected at a commoner's meeting
Roman politics seems simple and complex.
The Senate, which is a stronghold of aristocrats, is the national decision-making body, but there are also civic meetings and commoner meetings. Sometimes there is a consul and sometimes a dictator is born, and in fact the Senate itself does not have any administrative authority.
It is not known exactly when the tribune system was born, but the predominant theory is that it was born in 494 BC.
Initially there were two people, but as the Twelve Tables Act was stipulated, the capacity increased to 10 people, and the popularity is one year like the Consul. Commoners elected by election at a commoner's rally where only commoners can participate, not a citizen's rally in which aristocrats also participate, are now taking on their duties.
The body was promised sacred inviolability and was given the right to veto the decisions of the Consul and the Senate.
The veto power of the current permanent members of the United Nations will reach this point if it is traced back.
However, this veto and dictator had no effect. This one point shows whether the dictator can exercise its rights strongly below.
Initially, it wasn't very powerful, even though it had the right to veto. After all, the consul, the executive body, was virtually occupied by influential aristocrats.
The change was the enactment of the Sextian-Licinius Sextian-Licinian Act.
With the success of Licinius, a tribune, the law of electing one of the two consuls from the commoners in 367 BC greatly contributed to the improvement of the rights of the commoners.
Under the Hortensius Act enacted in 287 BC, the resolution of the Plebeian Council became a national treasure without the approval of the Senate.
The actual role of the tribune was to coordinate and bridge the aristocrats and the commoners.
The Grassus brothers, who later reformed in Rome, were also tribunes, and it can be said that this was the peak of the tribunes.
The tribune system after the Grassus brothers became more and more a gateway to Roman politicians, and their rights were often abused.
Under Roman law, anyone with important official positions, including the tribune, could become a senator. It was also one of the chances to become a senator while other important positions were occupied by aristocrats.
In the Roman Empire, Augustus took over only the rights of the tribune into the power of the emperor by renewing the authority of the tribune every year.