1. France: Under the reign of King Louis XIV, France was the dominant power in Europe, with a strong military, a centralized government, and a flourishing economy.
2. Spain: Although its power had declined somewhat from the previous century, Spain still had a vast and wealthy empire, including most of South and Central America.
3. England: England was emerging as a major power, with a growing economy and a powerful navy.
4. The Netherlands: The Dutch Republic was a leading economic and maritime power, with a vast trading network and a significant role in global commerce.
5. The Ottoman Empire: The Ottoman Empire controlled much of southeastern Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa, making it a major force in the region.
6. China: The Qing Dynasty ruled China, which was the most populous country in the world at the time and had a significant economy and cultural influence.
These were some of the key countries that held significant power and influence in the world during the 18th century.