Mark Thurner, American historian, investigated the origins of bicentennial Peru. Bolívar and San Martín, in their republican vision, excluded and underestimated the Indian in the formation of a country that continues to discriminate against them. The subject named “indigenous” enters the Peruvian sc
Written by:José Carlos Mendoza Valdez and Claudia Flores Fuentes Introduction Man has no nature but (...) history; very significant sentence of who par excellence can be considered the most influential Spanish philosopher of the 20th century. And it is that the accent put by Ortega y Gasset in the a
TIAHUANACO, MAIN ANCESTOR OF THE WARI EMPIRE The Spanish chronicler Pedro Cieza de León says in his Chronicle of Peru, chapter V:Tiahuanaco is not a very large town, but it is mentioned for its large buildings, which are certainly remarkable things and to see, (...) idols of stone of the size and hu
Thesugarcane cycle denominates the period when sugar was the main export product of Brazil. It began with the establishment of the Portuguese settler on the Brazilian coast, in 1530, when hereditary captaincies were created as a form of political and territorial organization. The Brazilian sugar c