* Economic devastation: The South's economy was agrarian and depended heavily on cotton and other agricultural products. The war disrupted this economy completely and the region was left in poverty for many years.
* Loss of life and limb: The war resulted in the deaths of hundreds of thousands of people, and many more were wounded. Many families lost their husbands, fathers, sons, and brothers, and the region's population was significantly reduced.
* Social upheaval: The war completely changed the social structure of the South. Slavery ended and the formerly enslaved were struggling to find their place in society. The former Confederate aristocracy was left destitute, and the region's political power structure was completely dismantled.
* Psychological trauma: The war left the region with deep psychological scars. The war had a lasting impact on the minds and hearts of the people who had lived through it, and its effects can still be seen in Southern society today.