- Rivers, streams, and ponds: These were the most common sources of water for soldiers, especially when they were on the move. However, the water was often contaminated with bacteria and other pollutants, making it unsafe to drink without boiling.
- Wells: Wells were also a common source of water for soldiers, especially when they were in camp or garrison. However, wells could also be contaminated, so soldiers often had to boil the water before drinking it.
- Springs: Springs were a relatively safe source of water, as the water was filtered through the ground. However, springs were not always available, especially in arid regions.
- Cisterns: Cisterns were large containers that were used to store water. Cisterns were often filled with rainwater, which was relatively safe to drink. However, cisterns could also be contaminated, so soldiers often had to boil the water before drinking it.
- Water carts: Water carts were used to transport water from one location to another. Water carts were often used to supply water to soldiers who were on the move or in camp.
In addition to these sources, soldiers sometimes also drank water from:
- Puddles: Puddles were a risky source of water, as they were often contaminated with bacteria and other pollutants. However, soldiers sometimes drank from puddles when they were desperate for water.
- Ditches: Ditches were another risky source of water, as they were often contaminated with bacteria and other pollutants. However, soldiers sometimes drank from ditches when they were desperate for water.
- Enemy wells: Soldiers sometimes drank from enemy wells, especially when the Union army was winning the war. However, drinking from enemy wells was risky, as the water could be poisoned.