- High taxation
- Unfair trade practices favoring white plantation owners.
- Inability for black peasants to acquire lands that the British crown confiscated and distributed to planters as compensation for the abolition of slavery
2. Social Conditions
- Discriminatory legal system and lack of legal protection for ex-slaves and their descendants
- Planters had absolute power
3. Political Conditions
- Lack of black representation in the Jamaican Assembly which passed laws discriminating against black Jamaicans, and had very restricted voting rights which excluded the Black majority from participating in elections.