The "Night of Bottles " represented a revolt that took place in 1831 in Rio de Janeiro, during the period of the Brasil Império (1822-1889). On one side was the group that supported Dom Pedro I , mostly Portuguese, and others, Brazilian liberals dissatisfied with their government, who demanded greater political, administrative and press freedom.
In addition to factors such as the monarch's authoritarianism, censorship, the closing of the National Constituent Assembly, the Constitution in 1824 and the Lusitanian political-administrative influence in the country, the trigger for the development of the confrontation took place when the liberal Italian journalist Leadero Badaró was mysteriously murdered in the city of São Paulo in 1830.
Badaró represented one of the figures who criticized the authoritarianism of Dom Pedro I and his imperial government in the periodicals that disseminated liberal ideas:"Farol Paulistano" and "Observador Constitucional". With this, the population gathers and decides to put an end to the monarch's government, considered one of the most important confrontations, before the abdication of Dom Pedro I , who leaves office shortly afterwards.
The name of the revolt, “Noite das Garrafadas” is associated with the objects used by enemy groups, that is, shards of glass and bottles, since the liberals took advantage of a party that was being prepared for Dom Pedro I, especially by Portuguese, when the emperor arrived in Rio de Janeiro.
To learn more:Brazil Império.
Abstract
After the Independence of Brazil , proclaimed on September 7, 1822, by Dom Pedro I, the country was going through several economic difficulties, and being a Portuguese, it raised even more suspicion and dissatisfaction on the part of the population that, in a way, doubted their real interests with Brazil.
One of the factors that displeased the population and led to the instability of its government was the defeat of troops sent to the Cisplatina region by D. Pedro I, a confrontation that resulted in the loss of Uruguay's territory.
In addition, there was the mysterious death of the Italian journalist based in Brazil, Libero Badaró, on November 20, 1830. Others, fearing a Portuguese “recolonization” in the country, joined the liberals and took to the streets, joining the euphoric population that struggled with glass objects, sticks and bottles (a curious fact that gave the revolt its name).
This confrontation between Brazilians and Portuguese took place shortly after the arrival of D. Pedro I in Rio de Janeiro, who was returning from a visit to the mining town of Ouro Preto, a fact that confirmed his low popularity since the miners received him with hostility, and politicians with black belts, indicating the mourning against their government.
Despite being known for only one night of confrontation, the event took place from March 11 to 15, 1831, which indicated the victory of the Liberals, with the abdication of D. Pedro I less than a month later, on the 7th of March. April 1831, passing the throne to his son, Pedro de Alcântara or D. Pedro II, then five years old.
At the beginning of the government of Pedro II of Brazil, it was necessary to elect an imperial regency to govern in his place, until he reached the age of majority. Thus, he was crowned at the age of 15, in 1841, being the second and last monarch of the Empire of Brazil, which ruled the country for almost 50 years.
To learn more:
- Independence of Brazil
- Cisplatin War
- First Reign