Here is a brief summary of the key events and issues involved in the conflict:
Palestinian nationalism began to emerge in the late 19th century, as a reaction to the growth of Jewish immigration to the region and the increasing Zionist movement.
The British Empire gained control of Palestine after the First World War and established the British Mandate for Palestine. This period saw increased immigration of Jews to the area, as well as growing tensions between the Jewish and Arab communities.
In 1947, the United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution calling for the partition of Palestine into two states: one for the Jews and one for the Arabs. This plan was rejected by the Arab leadership, who believed that a Jewish state should not be established on Palestinian land.
In 1948, the Israeli state was declared, leading to the outbreak of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. This war resulted in a significant amount of Palestinian territory being captured by Israel, and the displacement of hundreds of thousands of Palestinians from their homes.
Since then, there have been a number of further conflicts between Israel and the Palestinians, including the 1956 Suez War, the 1967 Six-Day War, the 1973 Yom Kippur War and the ongoing Second Intifada (uprising).
The conflict has also led to a number of peace initiatives and agreements, such as the Camp David Accords of 1979, the Oslo Accords of 1993–95, and the 2003 Roadmap for Peace. However, none of these initiatives have been successful in bringing about a resolution to the conflict.
Today, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict remains one of the most intractable and long-standing conflicts in the world. It is a complex issue with deep historical, religious and political roots, and there is no easy solution.