- Nation-states provided a centralized authority that could support and finance sea exploration.** Before the rise of nation states, most exploration was carried out by private individuals or small groups who lacked the resources to undertake major voyages.
- Nation-states also provided the political stability and security that was necessary for sea exploration. The constant warfare and piracy that plagued much of the medieval world made it difficult for explorers to sail the seas safely.
- The rise of nation states led to the development of new technologies that made sea exploration possible. These technologies included the astrolabe, the compass, and the printing press. The astrolabe allowed sailors to determine their latitude and longitude, while the compass allowed them to navigate their ships accurately. The printing press made it possible to mass-produce maps and charts, which made it easier for explorers to plan their voyages.
- The rise of nation states also created a demand for new trade routes and sources of wealth. This demand motivated explorers to search for new lands and new trade opportunities.