1. Increased participation of women in the workforce: As men went to war, women took on roles that had previously been reserved for men, such as working in factories, shipyards, and other industrial jobs. This led to increased economic independence for women and a shift in traditional gender roles.
2. Rise of the women's suffrage movement: The war effort brought women's contributions to society into sharp focus, and the women's suffrage movement gained momentum during this time. In 1920, the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was ratified, granting women the right to vote.
3. Increased urbanization: As people moved from rural areas to urban centers to work in factories, the population of cities increased significantly. This led to overcrowding, poor sanitation, and other problems associated with rapid urbanization.
4. Increased social mobility: The war created opportunities for social mobility, as people from lower socioeconomic classes were able to find jobs and improve their lives. This was particularly true for African Americans, who migrated from the South to Northern cities in search of better opportunities.
5. Increased government intervention in the economy: The war effort required a significant amount of government intervention in the economy, including price controls, rationing, and the establishment of war industries. This marked a departure from the laissez-faire economic policies that had been prevalent before the war.
6. Cultural and artistic changes: The war had a profound impact on culture and the arts. Many artists and writers produced works that reflected the horrors and challenges of the war, while others embraced new forms of expression, such as Dadaism and Surrealism.