History of Oceania

King Kalakaua surrendered Hawaii to the United Stated in 1893?

This is not correct. King Kalākaua did not surrender Hawaii to the United States in 1893. His sister, Queen Liliʻuokalani, was overthrown by a group of American businessmen and sugar planters in 1893, and the Republic of Hawaii was established. The Republic was then annexed by the United States in 1898.