National identity refers to the sense of belonging to a nation or a country. It encapsulates the shared values, traditions, culture, history, and language that unite people within a political community. National identity fosters feelings of pride, loyalty, and collective responsibility among citizens. It shapes individuals' perceptions of themselves and their place in society, influencing their views on politics, economics, social norms, and international relations. National identity can be influenced by factors such as shared language, religion, ethnicity, historical experiences, symbols (e.g., national flag, anthem), social institutions, popular culture, and common narratives about the nation's past and future. While it can be a powerful force for unity, national identity can also be a source of conflict, exclusion, and discrimination when tied to rigid notions of belonging or used as a tool for political mobilization.