- The founding principles of the United States: Lincoln emphasizes the country's commitment to the principles of liberty, equality, and democracy, as expressed in the Declaration of Independence.
- The ongoing civil war: Lincoln acknowledges that the nation is engaged in a struggle to "preserve" the Union and to ensure the survival of the ideals on which it was founded.
- The sacrifices of the soldiers: Lincoln pays tribute to the soldiers who have fallen in the Civil war and expresses sorrow for the loss of life and the suffering endured.
- The importance of unity: Lincoln emphasizes the need for national unity and reconciliation in the wake of the war, calling on Americans to come together and work towards a shared future.
- A dedication to the cause of freedom: Lincoln declares the determination of the nation to continue the fight for freedom and equality and expresses his belief in the country's ability to overcome its challenges.