* Native American attacks: The West was also home to many Native American tribes, some of whom were hostile to white settlers. Many white settlers were killed or injured in attacks by Native Americans.
* Lawlessness: The West was a lawless region, where there was little law enforcement. This made it a dangerous place to travel, as people were at risk of being robbed, assaulted, or murdered.
* Harsh weather: The West was also subject to harsh weather conditions, including extreme heat, cold, and storms. Many people who traveled west died from exposure to the elements.
* Droughts: The West was also subject to droughts, which could make it difficult to find food and water. Many people who traveled west died from starvation or dehydration.