- Rapid growth of cities due to migration from the rural South and Europe.
- Growth of industrial jobs attracted many people to cities.
Industrialization and Economic Development
- Cities became centers of industrial production and economic activity.
- Manufacturing and transportation industries thrived.
Transportation Improvements
- Expansion of railroads and streetcar systems made it easier for people and goods to move around.
Tenements and Overcrowding
- Poor living conditions in tenement housing due to overcrowding.
- Lack of sanitation and spread of diseases.
Social and Cultural Changes
- Growth of middle class and new social classes.
- Rise of entertainment venues such as theaters and amusement parks.
Political Corruption
- Political machines controlled city politics, often resulting in corruption.