* Wage cuts: In the aftermath of the Panic of 1873, many railroads cut wages for their workers. This led to widespread discontent among railroad workers, who felt that they were being unfairly treated.
* Poor working conditions: Railroad workers often worked long hours in dangerous conditions. They were also subject to arbitrary discipline from their supervisors.
* Government intervention: The federal government intervened in the strike, sending troops to break up the strikes and protect railroad property. This further angered the strikers, who felt that the government was siding with the railroads against them.
The Homestead Strike of 1892
* Unionization: The Homestead Steel Works was a major employer in the Pittsburgh area. In 1892, the company tried to break its union, the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers. This led to a bitter strike that lasted for several months.
* Violence: The strike was marred by violence, including a gunfight between strikers and company security guards. The Pennsylvania State Militia was eventually called in to quell the violence.
* Outcome: The strike was a defeat for the union. The company was able to break its union and continue to operate without union interference.
The Pullman Strike of 1894
* Wage cuts: The Pullman Company was a major manufacturer of railroad cars. In 1894, the company cut wages for its workers. This led to a strike by the Pullman workers, which quickly spread to other railroads across the country.
* Government intervention: The federal government again intervened in the strike, this time sending troops to break up the strikes and protect railroad property. This led to violent confrontations between strikers and federal troops.
* Outcome: The strike was a defeat for the union. The company was able to break its union and continue to operate without union interference.