2. Representative Function: Congress represents the interests of the American people. As elected officials, members of Congress serve as the voice of their constituents and advocate for their concerns, needs, and priorities. They receive input from citizens, hold public hearings, and meet with stakeholders to understand and represent their perspectives.
3. Oversight and Checks and Balances: Congress has oversight authority over the executive branch of the government. They ensure that the executive branch is accountable to the people by conducting investigations, hearings, and inquiries. Congress can also impeach and remove the President, Vice President, or other federal officials for treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors. This oversight power acts as a check on executive power and maintains the separation of powers.
4. Appropriations and Budgeting: Congress holds the power of the purse, meaning it controls how federal funds are allocated and spent. They pass appropriation bills that outline how federal funds should be distributed across various government departments, agencies, and programs. This ability gives Congress significant influence over the country's budget priorities, from defense to education to infrastructure development.
5. Treaties and International Relations: Congress plays a crucial role in international affairs. The Senate must approve treaties negotiated by the President, providing a voice for the American people in international agreements and commitments.
6. Confirmation of Presidential Appointments: Congress has the authority to confirm or reject presidential nominations for various positions, including federal judges, Supreme Court justices, cabinet members, and other key government officials. This power ensures that those holding essential positions are qualified, competent, and aligned with the priorities and values of the American people.
7. Investigative Powers: Congress can conduct investigations into matters of public importance. This oversight function allows them to gather information, hold hearings, and examine the actions of the executive branch, federal agencies, and other entities to ensure accountability and transparency.
8. Impeachment Power: Congress has the sole power to impeach the President, Vice President, and other federal officials for serious offenses. Impeachment is a political process that involves presenting charges against an official and conducting a trial in the Senate.
In summary, Congress plays a vital role in the US political system by representing the people, passing laws, supervising the executive branch, managing the federal budget, influencing foreign policy, and ensuring accountability through its various powers and functions. Its significance lies in the ability to shape and influence the nation's policies, programs, and decisions, ultimately impacting the lives of all American citizens.