Cold War strategy: During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union were engaged in a global competition for power and influence. China was seen as a potential ally against the Soviet Union, and Nixon believed that improving relations with China would help contain Soviet influence in Asia.
Economic considerations: China was a vast and potentially lucrative market for American goods and services. Nixon saw improved relations with China as a way to boost the U.S. economy and create jobs.
Reducing tensions in Asia: The United States and China had been on the brink of war several times during the 1950s and 1960s, most notably during the Korean War and the Vietnam War. Nixon believed that improving relations with China would help reduce tensions in Asia and prevent future conflicts.
Domestic politics: Nixon was facing strong domestic opposition to the Vietnam War, and he believed that improving relations with China would help shore up public support for his presidency. Additionally, Nixon saw the potential for the China rapprochement to boost his legacy as president.
Ultimately, Nixon's efforts to improve relations with China culminated in the historic visit to China in February 1972, during which the Shanghai Communique was issued, formally opening a new era of cooperation between the two countries.