In the latter half of the Heian period, the important conflict that we learned at school was in the Tohoku region.
It's the role of nine years before and the role of three years after.
Through these two battles, a strong master-slave relationship was built between Genji and the Kanto samurai, and Genji's Kanto rule became more solid and became the basis of the later Kamakura Shogunate. It also helped the prosperity of Mr. Fujiwara Oshu of Hiraizumi, which became a World Heritage Site.
In order to properly understand the roles of the nine years before and the three years after, it is first necessary to know the situation in the Tohoku region at that time.
From around the 10th century, as the military power of the imperial court declined, rebellions such as the Taira no Masakado rebellion and the Fujiwara no Sumitomo rebellion, which showed the samurai's abilities, continued. The rebellion continued into the 11th century, and Taira no Tadatsune's rebellion occurred in 1028. Together with this turbulence, it was the role of Zenkunen no Eki that decided Genji's advance into the eastern country.
In this article, I would like to write about "the role of the previous nine years" in an easy-to-understand manner.
What is the role of the previous nine years?
Tohoku region Mutsu in the latter half of the Heian period in the 11th century The rebellion that took place in the role of nine years ago Is called.
Mr. Abe, who was a powerful clan in Mutsu, rebelled, and Minamoto no Yoriyoshi and Mr. Kiyohara, a powerful clan in Dewa, took control.
At the beginning of this war, Mr. Abe will not pay taxes to the imperial court , 1051 Mamoru Rikuoku [ Noboru Fujiwara ] Will lead the soldiers to subdue. This Battle of Onikiribe So, Noboru Fujiwara will be defeated by Mr. Abe and will be dismissed as Mamoru Rikuoku.
Minamoto no Yoriyoshi, who succeeded his appointment and became the guardian of the land, fights with Mr. Kiyohara of Dewa and suppresses the disturbance at once.
This activity of Minamoto no Yoriyoshi became the activity of Genji following his father who calmed down the turbulence of Taira no Tadatsune, and Genji's advance into the eastern country became decisive.
This is the flow of the role of the previous nine years.
Let's introduce it in detail.
Background of the role of the previous nine years
In the latter half of the Heian period, powerful tribes and influential peasants emerged as samurai, and large-scale rebellions began to occur frequently. Due to these disturbances, the power of the samurai was shown, and the samurai became indispensable to the imperial court.
The rise of samurai
In the 10th century, local gentry and influential peasants began to arm themselves and expand their power, soldiers . ( Tsuwamono ) Will be called. These tsuwamono will follow the clan party and fight against the Kokushi.
Near the Kyo, near the cabin, the grown-up lords have come to be called samurai, serving the imperial court and aristocrats with martial arts . It will be like.
The samurai tribes form a samurai corps while strengthening ties in various places.
In the regions far from the center, the descendants of the old lords and the Kokushi who settled in the land formed a samurai corps.
The Battle of Badghis
When the samurai formed samurai corps in various places, it was Taira no Masakado that grew up in the eastern country where good horses were produced. was.
It was " Taira no Masakado " that the Shomon expanded his power from Shimosa and developed into a big rebellion. "is.
Masakado conquered most of the eastern nation and named him the new emperor, but was overthrown by Taira no Sadamori and his father, who was killed by Kunika.
In the Seto Inland Sea, Fujiwara no Sumitomo leads a pirate Fujiwara no Sumitomo's Ran . Wake up.
When Iyo's Kokufu was robbed, it spread its power over a wide area from Awaji to Dazaifu, but the turmoil was suppressed by Yoshifuru Ono and Minamoto no Tsunemoto, the ancestor of Seiwa Genji.
What happened just before the role of the previous nine years was the Taira no Tadatsune Ran . was.
Mr. Taira has continued to maintain his power in the Kanto region even after the rebellion of Masakado, and Taira no Tadatsune, who was originally the Kokushi of Kazusa, causes a rebellion, but Minamoto no Yorinobu The turbulence is calmed down by.
Changes in the position of samurai
From these rebellions, the power of the samurai was gradually recognized, and the blood of the central aristocrats formed the samurai as a builder and expanded their power. In particular, Minamoto no Mitsunaka strengthened his power as a samurai builder with the protection of the regents he served.
In this way, in Japan, where the role of the previous nine years will occur, rebellions by the samurai corps will continue in various places, and Genji will play an active role as a senior position.
History of the role battle of the previous nine years
Mr. Abe, who had great power in Mutsu, once surrendered to Minamoto no Yoriyoshi, but rebelled again. With the protracted turbulence, Yoriyoshi, along with Mr. Kiyohara of Dewa Province, will suppress Mr. Abe.
Battle of Onikiribe
As mentioned above, the series of battles until Minamoto no Yoriyoshi defeated Mr. Abe is called the role of the previous nine years.
It was Battle of Onikiribe that the fire lid was cut and dropped. is.
At that time, Mr. Abe, who had power in Mutsu, was Mutsu Rokugun . A fence was built in the area to create an independent national force. In 1051, Mr. Abe stopped paying taxes to the imperial court, and when Mamoru Rikuoku and Noboru Fujiwara turned thousands of soldiers for punishment, there was a dispute in the Onikiri club.
However, the Fujiwara appointed army suffered a great defeat to the Abe army, and the appointed army was replaced by Rikuokumori, and Kawachi Genji's Minamoto no Yoriyoshi succeeded him.
Then, Mr. Abe once surrenders to Yoriyoshi.
Thanks to that achievement, Yoriyoshi was 1053 . Chinjufu Shogun It will be.
Akutogawa Incident
1056 In February, when Minamoto no Yoriyoshi expired his term of office, he was camping in Akutogawa to return to the country, and the battle between Mr. Abe and the imperial court will be resumed due to information from the messenger. ..
In addition, Yoriyoshi was in Kokufu on suspicion of internal communication Taira no Nagahira Fujiwara no Tsunekiyo felt dangerous when he was punished. Turns over to the Abe army.
1057 Yoriyoshi succeeded in drawing Tsugaru's Abe Tomitada to his side when he took a pinch measure, and Abe Yoritoki To death.
Battle of the Yellow Sea
Abe no Yoritoki , who was the head of Mr. Abe Was killed in action in July 1057, Sadato In November of the same year, Minamoto no Yoriyoshi led the National Revolutionary Army 1800 to subdue Mr. Abe.
The Abe army, on the other hand, grasped the course of the National Revolutionary Army, took advantage of the advantage of the land and gained an advantage in terms of troops, and took full advantage of the National Revolutionary Army. As a result, the Abe army won overwhelmingly, Minamoto no Yoriyoshi lost his 30-year-old vassal, and he and his son were able to fall for just six horses.
Mr. Abe, who won this battle, will once again take control of Oku Rokugun.
With this great defeat, Minamoto no Yoriyoshi had to wait for his troops to recover in order to take military action.
On the other hand, Mr. Abe spreads his power and acts as if he ridicules Minamoto no Yoriyoshi, such as robbing the levy to be paid to the country.
Mr. Kiyohara participates in the battle
Minamoto no Yoriyoshi is Kanto, Tokai, Kinai with Mr. Abe growing in power in Mutsu. I will work hard to gather troops. At the same time, he succeeded in drawing in Mr. Kiyohara, a powerful tribe of Dewa who had maintained his neutrality, and an army was dispatched with his younger brother Takenori Kiyohara, the head of the family, as the general general.
With the participation of Mr. Kiyohara, the troops of the imperial court army will reach about 10,000, and will be divided into seven teams and will capture the fences one by one while moving north.
- The first group, the general general led by Taro Arakawa, a child of Takenori.
- The second team, the nephew of Takenori, is an army led by Sadayori Tachibana, a powerful tribe of Oga, Akita-gun.
- The third team, the army led by Taro Arakawa Yoshihiko Hidetake, a nephew of Takenori and his son-in-law, Arakawa, Yamamoto-gun.
- Fourth team, the army led by Sadayori's younger brother Shinkata Jiro Tachibana Yorisada.
- Fifth army, army led by Shogun Yoriyoshi, army led by Rikuokukanjin, army led by Shogun Takenori.
- The army led by Shiro Yoshimi, who is said to be the younger brother of Hidetake Yoshihiko, the sixth team.
- The 7th team, the army led by Kiyohara Martial Arts, Saburo Kaizawa, a powerful family in Kaizawa, Ogachi-gun.
Of the 10,000 troops, there were about 3,000 Minamoto no Yoriyoshi troops.
Battle of Komatsu Fence and Destruction of Mr. Abe
The Komatsu fence was a natural fortress, but the imperial court army won with the participation of Kiyohara and the success of the generals.
The Abe army, which was defeated in the battle of Komatsu Fence, routed to the north and stayed at Kinugawa no Seki, but the momentum of the government army was so great that it quickly conquered Kinugawa. The Abe army retreated to the north base, the kitchen fence, and decided on a siege, but the government army burned the kitchen fence and caused it to fall.
The death of the owner, Sadato Abe, will end the long-standing role of nine years before the death of Mr. Abe.
Postwar processing of the role of the previous nine years
As one of the causes of the struggle before Mr. Kiyohara entered the war, Fujiwara no Tsunekiyo was behind the scenes, so he had a deep grudge against Tsunekiyo, and rusted to prolong the pain after he was arrested. It is said that he was decapitated with a sword.
1063 Reported the battle to the imperial court Minamoto no Yoriyoshi Is Iyo Mamoru Will be appointed to.
However, he was not convinced that the vassals who followed him did not receive the award, so he did not move to Iyo, and Yoriyoshi continued to negotiate the award of the vassals in the imperial court.
Following Minamoto no Yorinobu, who quelled Taira no Tadatsune's rebellion, Minamoto no Yoriyoshi quelled his role in the previous nine years, confirming Genji's advance into the eastern country.
In the role of Gosannen War, Yoshiie, a child of Yoriyoshi, will play an active role, and Genji will consolidate his position as a samurai warrior.