Japan is Sino-Japanese Friendship Treaty With the conclusion of the agreement, Korea was opened and gained a foothold for expanding into the continent.
Since then, the Korean Peninsula will be the stage for two Japanese-Chinese proxy wars.
Two armed coups on the Korean Peninsula
The Government of Japan 1880 , Hanseong ( Current Seoul ) To expand trade by establishing a legation.
At that time, Mr. Yeoheung was in power in Korea. Japan supported Mr. Yeoheung, who was seeking her reform of domestic affairs. However, the old sect, which relied on the Qing dynasty in the suzerain and had Daewon who opposed modernization, was dominant.
Still, Mr. Yeoheung, who was in power of her, had embarked on her military reforms under the guidance of a Japanese military adviser. The old defenders who opposed this were 1882 . Imo Incident in the case of attacking the mansion of Mr. Yeoheung and the Japanese legation Will occur.
Although the rebellion was unsuccessful, Mr. Yeoheung became distant from Japan and became dependent on the Qing dynasty. Furthermore, due to the rebellion, the dispatch of both Japanese and Chinese troops deepened the conflict between Japan and China with Korea in between.
Japan-Korea Treaty between Korea and Japan for post-processing of the Yang Water Horse Is established, and Japan obtains compensation and the right to garrison the legation guards. After that, even within Korea, the pro-Japanese reformers such as Kim Ok-gyun and Park Yung-hyo, who are trying to reform, deepened the conflict with the Yeoheung sect, whose suzerain is Qing dynasty.
Pro-Japanese reformers trying to modernize Korea by learning from the Meiji Restoration of Japan Is 1884 Sino-French War I saw the defeat of the Qing dynasty as an opportunity and caused a coup d'etat. Japan, which was looking for an opportunity to expand into Korea, supports this.
This coup is Gapsin Coup It ends in failure before the Qing dynasty who has been dispatched.
Gapsin Coup If the pro-Japanese faction is defeated, the despair of the pro-Korean faction in Japan will be bought, and public opinion toward the Qing dynasty and Korea will suddenly worsen.
Under these circumstances, 1885 Yukichi Fukuzawa said, [ Datsu-A Ron ] Will be announced. He denies cooperation in Asia and preaches that Japan will leave Asia and become a member of the Western powers. Now that the division of Asia has become more realistic in the Western powers, Qing and Korea should be dealt with by force . Insisted.
This editorial has boosted the luck of Nisshin's military solution.
Gapsin Coup The relationship between Japan and China became the worst, and the crisis of the conflict between Japan and China increased, and the two countries Tianjin Treaty to avoid the conflict. To conclude. As a result, both Japan and China will withdraw from Korea.
The two countries were able to avoid the immediate conflict under the Tianjin Treaty, but for Japan, even with the retreat of their position in Korea . was. In addition, Japan became keenly aware of the need for armaments against the Qing dynasty due to the Yang Water Horse turmoil, so it proceeded with the expansion of armaments for the foreign war.
At the same time, Foreign Minister Mutsu Munemitsu Was conducting diplomatic negotiations to gain the support of Britain, which was considered a prerequisite for the war against the Qing dynasty.
To the Sino-Japanese War
1894 Tax cuts centered on eastern believers in Korea And demand the exclusion of Japan Peasant Revolt [ Donghak Peasant War ], The Korean government requests the Qing dynasty to send troops to suppress it, and the Qing dynasty sends troops.
Japan, which received this news, will also be dispatched. The rebels were crushed in a short period of time, but the two Japanese and Chinese forces became engaged in the field. To do.
On the other hand, Japan is Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation Was successfully signed, and we were able to gain the support of the British side regarding the Sino-Japanese War. In this way, Japan, which had an advantage in international affairs, declared war on the Qing dynasty and Sino-Japanese War . Will open.
The battlefield was advancing with the overwhelming superiority of the Japanese side, which had superior to the training and discipline of the army and the equipment of new weapons. The Japanese troops will drive out the Qing dynasty from Korea and occupy the Liaodong Peninsula.
Japan's victory was decided by repelling the Qing dynasty's Beiyang Fleet during the Battle of the Yalu River and occupying its home base, Weihaiwei.
The war cost was 200 million yen, which was three times the national budget at that time, and the mobilized troops reached 170,000.
Prime Minister Aritomo Yamagata at that time At the 1st Imperial Diet, [ the defense of the sovereignty line as a border and the profit line including Korea is necessary ], Japan is [ profit line ] Was protected from the Qing dynasty and promoted overseas expansion.