Even now, even in the Nara period, I still have to pay taxes.
This time, I will talk about the tax on the people that was set after the Taiho Code.
Zu Yong Diao, Zu Yong Diao, Zu Yong Diao
In Japan, which has become a Ritsuryo nation, there is an organization of about 25 people called a door, and family register / account book belongs to that door. Was registered in. Family register Farmers registered in the are given Kokubunda and at the same time various taxes and obligations.
door When five organizations called Goho gather It will be a group with a collective obligation. The reason for establishing such a collective obligation is, of course, to prevent the people from escaping.
Let's see what kind of taxes and obligations we actually had.
Zu Yong Diao What is it like? Is as above, so I will omit it, but why is it exemption only for Kyo and Kinai Is it done? I'm going to dig in a little.
Heijokyo is said to have been an ordinary rural village before the relocation of the capital. Under such circumstances, Heijokyo was built, but many farmers moved to this building.
Civil engineering work in a large area like Heijokyo and construction of temples and shrines ... It was a lot of hard work, so you were exempted from doing so. In 708, it was said that people involved in such businesses were guaranteed rice and cloth, so it can be said that it was quite unreasonable.
About military service, binding, and appearance
By the way, other words such as military service, binding, and arranging may appear, so I will explain them briefly.
- Military service :Conscripted at a rate of 1 in 3 to 4 adult men. Trained in the corps of each country. Some of them will be guards (guards of Eji and Miyagi) and guards (Sakimori, guarding the coast of Kyushu).
- Binding :Served as a chore to the central government office, the royal family, and the ministerial family, two of whom were selected for every 50 households (sato or town).
- Achievement (Suiko):Rice is lent like seeds in early spring and is collected as interest at the time of harvest in autumn (⇒ Publicly announced (Kusuko), privately called privately released)
Besides, Yoshikura Grains are collected for the purpose of putting them in a food storage in case of a disaster such as (Giso). It seems that they sometimes sold or lent it cheaply for preservation.
As mentioned above, the tax was quite tight. Especially when it comes to adult men, the burden was not overwhelming, as they were charged as soldiers and were obliged to carry the tax, tone, and diao to the capital.
That's why the ratio of men and women at that time is Erai. If you are registered as a man, you will be overwhelmed by the tax burden, so you may report it as a woman ...
This tax burden such as tight tax, tone, and diao will show its failure in various situations later.