History of Africa

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How was society structured in the Gupta Empire?

Gupta society was largely divided into four categories based on the Varna system, which emphasized social hierarchy and division of labor:

1. Brahmins: The Brahmins were the priestly class and were considered to be the highest social group. They were responsible for religious rituals, education, and intellectual pursuits.

2. Kshatriyas: The Kshatriyas were the warrior and ruling class. They held political power and were responsible for defending the kingdom and ensuring law and order.

3. Vaishyas: The Vaishyas were the mercantile and agricultural class. They were involved in trade, commerce, and farming, and played a vital role in the economic prosperity of the empire.

4. Shudras: The Shudras were the lowest social group and consisted of laborers, artisans, and servants. They performed essential tasks and services but were considered inferior to the other three classes.

In addition to the Varna system, Gupta society also had a caste system based on occupation and descent. Castes were hereditary, and individuals were expected to follow the occupations and social norms associated with their caste. This hierarchical social structure defined social roles and status within Gupta society.

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