The Commercial Revolution, which began in the 15th century, led to a significant increase in trade between Europe and Asia. This increased trade created a demand for more goods, which in turn led to a demand for more labor. Europeans began to look to Africa as a source of cheap labor to work on their plantations in the Americas.
Advances in Shipbuilding
The Commercial Revolution also led to advances in shipbuilding, which made it possible for Europeans to travel to Africa more easily. New ships were faster, more maneuverable, and could carry more cargo, making it more profitable to transport slaves.
European Rivalry
The Commercial Revolution also led to increased competition between European countries. As European countries sought to expand their empires and increase their wealth, they began to compete for control of African territories. This competition often took the form of military conflicts, which further increased the demand for slaves.
The Atlantic Slave Trade
As a result of these factors, the Atlantic slave trade began in the 16th century and continued until the 19th century. During this period, an estimated 12 million Africans were forcibly transported to the Americas to work as slaves. The Atlantic slave trade was a major tragedy and had a devastating impact on Africa.