Here are some key consequences and implications:
1. End of the Republican Government: The establishment of a monarchy, with Caesar as king, would mark the end of the republican form of government that had defined Rome for centuries. The delicate balance of power among different institutions and magistrates would be replaced with a centralized authority under the rule of a single individual.
2. Loss of Civic Rights: Roman citizens prided themselves on their civic rights and active participation in public affairs. Under a monarchy, the power of the Senate and the assemblies would diminish, limiting the voice of the people in decision-making processes and potentially leading to the erosion of democratic principles.
3. Imperial Ambitions: Caesar's rise to kingship could prompt him to pursue more ambitious conquests abroad, potentially leading to the expansion of Roman territories and the transformation of the republic into an empire. This shift would have far-reaching implications for the peoples and cultures conquered by Rome.
4. Resistance and Civil Wars: The establishment of a monarchy was not without its opponents. Many Romans, including members of the Senate and influential figures, were committed to the republican ideals and may have resisted Caesar's ambitions. This could lead to civil wars and political instability as different factions fought to maintain or overthrow the monarchy.
5. Social Divisions: Caesar's elevation to kingship would likely exacerbate existing social divisions in Roman society. The wealthy and powerful elites who supported him would gain more influence, while the rights and status of the common citizens could be diminished. This could lead to social unrest and inequality.
6. Legacy of Caesarism: The precedent set by Caesar's monarchy could influence future political developments. Future leaders might aspire to replicate Caesar's rise to power, potentially leading to a cycle of autocracy and instability within the Roman world.
7. Long-term Impact on Roman History: The establishment of a monarchy under Julius Caesar would have profoundly shaped the trajectory of Roman history. The republican institutions, laws, and traditions that had been carefully cultivated for centuries would undergo fundamental changes, redefining the nature of Roman society, politics, and governance.