Thutmose I , Pharaoh of Egypt (1524-1518 BC) of the 18th dynasty, successor to his brother-in-law Amenhotep I (who reigned 1551-1524 BC). An outstanding military man, he was the first pharaoh to be buried in the Valley of the Kings.
Thutmose II , Pharaoh of Egypt (1518-1504 BC), son of Thutmose I and half-brother and husband of Queen Hatshepsut. He sent an expedition against the Nubian tribes rebelling against his sovereignty and against the Bedouins, a nomadic people from the deserts of Arabia and Sinai.
Thutmose III , Pharaoh of Egypt (1504-1450 BC). He was the son of Thutmose II and son-in-law of Hatshepsut. During his reign, Thutmose III carried out 17 successful military campaigns, conquering Nubia and Ludan. He got the most important states to pay him tribute:Crete, Cyprus, Mitanni, Hatti (the kingdom of the Hittites), Assyria and Babylon. Thutmose III asserted Egyptian hegemony throughout the Middle East.
Thutmose IV , pharaoh of Egypt (1419-1386 BC) of the 18th dynasty, son of Amenhotep II and grandson of Thutmose III. He commanded military expeditions against Nubia and Syria, and negotiated alliances with Babylonia and Mitanni.
Amunhotep III, Pharaoh of Egypt (1386-1349 BC), of the 18th Dynasty, responsible for great architectural works, including part of the temple of Luxor and the colossus of Mêmnon. His reign was one of peace and prosperity.
Akhenaten or Amenhotep IV , Egyptian pharaoh (1350?-1334 BC), also called Neferkheperure, Aknaton, or Amenhotep IV. Akhenaten was the son of Amenhotep III and Empress Tiy and husband of Nefertiti, whose beauty is known through sculptures of the time. Akhenaten was the last ruler of the 18th dynasty of the New Kingdom and stood out for identifying himself with Aten, or Aten, solar god, accepting him as the sole creator of the universe. Some scholars consider him the first monotheist. After instituting the new religion, he changed his name from Amunhotep IV to Akhenaten, meaning "Aten is satisfied". He moved the capital from Thebes to Akhenaten, at the present location of Tell al-Amama, dedicating it to Aten, and ordered the destruction of all remnants of the polytheistic religion of his ancestors. This religious revolution determined transformations in the work of Egyptian artists and also in the development of a new religious literature. However, these changes did not continue after Akhenaten's death. His son-in-law, Tutankhamen, restored the ancient polytheistic religion and Egyptian art was once again sacred.
Tutankhamen (1352-1325 BC), Egyptian pharaoh (reigned 1334-1325 BC) of the 18th Dynasty, son-in-law of Akhenaten, whom he succeeded. He became pharaoh at the age of nine. During his reign, he restored the cult of Amun, which contributed to peace in Egypt.
Cheops , Egyptian pharaoh (2638-2613 BC), the second king of the 4th dynasty. The most important achievement of his reign was the construction of the Great Pyramid of Giza, near Cairo.
Ramses II (reigned 1301-1235 BC), Egyptian pharaoh, third ruler of the 19th Dynasty, son of Seti I.
His main enemies were the Hittites; with them he signed a treaty, according to which the lands in dispute were divided. During his reign the temple of Abu Simbel was constructed and the great hypostyle hall of the temple of Amon, of Karnak was completed.
Ramesses III (reigned from 1198 to 1176 BC), Egyptian pharaoh of the 20th dynasty, great military leader who saved the country from several invasions. Ramses III's victories are depicted on the walls of his mortuary temple at Madinat Habu, near the city of Luxor. The end of his reign was marked by revolts and palace intrigues.
Kephren , fourth pharaoh (2603-2578 BC) of the Fourth Dynasty of Egypt. He built one of the pyramids at Giza. For a long time, it was thought that the Great Sphinx next to her was a representation of the king. Khafra was succeeded by his son Menkaure.
Seti I (reigned 1312 to 1298 BC), Egyptian pharaoh, second ruler of the 19th dynasty, son and successor of Pharaoh Ramesses I. In the last years of his reign, he conquered Palestine, fought the Libyans on the western frontier, and fought the Hittites.
Egyptian Civilization
Take the opportunity to check out our video lessons related to the subject: