Sherman's leadership during the war was often controversial, but his strategies and tactics were instrumental in the Union victory.
Here is a more detailed look at Sherman's significant role:
Capture of Atlanta: Sherman's most famous achievement during the war was his capture of Atlanta in September 1864, cutting the Confederacy in two and destroying its vital supply lines. This success was a turning point in the war and helped ensure Lincoln's re-election as President.
March to the Sea: After taking Atlanta, Sherman embarked on his famous "March to the Sea", a 300-mile journey through Georgia to the port city of Savannah. Sherman's troops used a scorched-earth policy, devastating the countryside and destroying infrastructure to demoralize the Confederate army and population.
Battle of Savannah: Sherman's March to the Sea culminated in the capture of Savannah in December 1864, further strengthening the Union's position and paving the way for the eventual Confederate surrender.
Strategy of Total War: Sherman advocated and practiced a strategy of total war, aiming to destroy the enemy's resources, infrastructure, and morale. This approach was highly effective in subduing the Confederacy, but it also generated controversy for its harsh tactics and widespread destruction.
Leadership: Sherman was a charismatic and innovative military leader, capable of inspiring fierce loyalty and obedience among his troops. His bold and aggressive strategies often surprised and overwhelmed the Confederates, contributing significantly to the Union victory.
Post-War Career: After the war, Sherman served as military governor of several Southern states during the Reconstruction era and later became the commanding general of the United States Army. He retired from active duty in 1884.
In summary, William T. Sherman played a crucial role in the Union victory during the Civil War. His leadership, strategic decisions, and tactical prowess, including the capture of Atlanta, the March to the Sea, and the strategy of total war, contributed greatly to the Union's ultimate triumph over the Confederacy.