1. Jamestown to Williamsburg: In 1699, the capital of the Virginia Colony moved from Jamestown to Williamsburg, which was designed as a new, planned capital city.
2. Williamsburg to Richmond (temporary move): During the American Revolution, Williamsburg was threatened by British forces, so the capital was temporarily moved to Richmond in 1781.
3. Richmond to Williamsburg: After the war, the capital moved back to Williamsburg in 1783.
4. Williamsburg to Richmond (permanent move): In 1784, the Virginia General Assembly voted to permanently relocate the capital to Richmond. The city's central location, transportation access, and growing importance as a commercial center contributed to its selection.
5. Official Designation: In 1787, Richmond was formally designated as the permanent capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia.