Major texts of Sikhism
Adi Granth (Pothi Sahib or Gyan Guru Granth Sahib)
Sikh religious text 'Shri Adi Granth' or 'Gyan Guru Granth Sahib' Is. It is called 'Adi Guru Darbar' Or 'Pothi Sahib' Also called. Basically, Bhai Gurdas ji prepared this book by taking compositions from the books of old erstwhile gurus and devotee poets. Guru Arjundev became the guide of this book and Guru Arjundev also got his speech compiled in the book.
Many copies of this book were also prepared. In AD 1604, Guru Arjun-Dev wrote 'Adi Granth' edited. It included the compositions of 5 Sikh-gurus, 15 saints and 14 poets. The names of these five gurus are- Guru Nanak, Guru Angad Dev, Guru Amardas, Guru Ramdas and Guru Arjundev.
The names of 15 saints are Sheikh Farid, Jaidev, Trilochan, Sadhna, Namdev, Veni, Ramanand, Kabir, Ravidas, Pipa, Saitha, Dhanna, Bhikhan, Paramanand and Surdas. The names of 14 poets are – Haribans, Balha, Mathura, Gayand, Nalha, Bhalla, Salh, Bhikkha, Kirat, Bhai Mardana, Sundardas, Rai Balwand and Satta Doom, Kalasahar, Jalap.
Later, Guru Gobind Singh finalized the Adi Granth by including the voice of his father Guru Tegh Bahadur in the Guru Granth Sahib. There is also a couplet of Guru Gobind Singh. In this way the compositions of 7 Sikh gurus, 15 saints and 14 poets were included in the Adi Granth. There are total 778 verses of 15 saints in Adi-Granth. Of these, 541 belong to Kabir, 122 to Sheikh Farid, 60 to Namdev and 40 to Sant Ravidas.
One to four verses of other saints have been taken. Guru Gobind Singh ended the guru-tradition after him and used the 'Adi Granth' for the spiritual guidance of the Sikhs. 'Guru Pad' of the entire Khalsa Panth But seated. Since that time Adi Granth, 'Guru Sahib' came to be accepted as 1430 pages of Adi Granth were standardized by Khalsa.
It is called 'Adi Granth' It is called because it contains 'etc' knowledge of. 'Jap Bani' According to 'Truth' He 'Adi' Is. 'Adi Granth' it is said. According to some scholars, when Guru Tegh Bahadur did not have a Bani in this scripture, then it was Adi Granth and when Guru Gobind Singh made the 9th palace 'Bani' (Voice) Ascent then it is replaced by Adi Granth 'Guru Granth' Said to be called.
Dasam Granth
Taking knowledge of Adi Granth is paramount for Sikhs but Sikhs give respect to every scripture in which 'Gurmat' is preaching. Guru Gobind Singh wrote many compositions whose small books were made. After his death, his wife 'Sundari' With the permission of Bhai Mani Singh Khalsa and other Khalsa disciples, all the compositions of Guru Gobind Singh were collected and put into a bindi called 'Dasam Granth' called.
Voices of Dasam Granth, such as Jaap Sahib, Tav Parsad Sawaiye and Chopai Sahib Sikh daily 'Sajda' and 'Nitnem' are part of. These words 'Khande Bate ki Pahol' i.e. 'Amrit Chhakne' read on occasion. In Gurudwaras like Takhat Hazur Sahib, Takhat Patna Sahib and Nihang Singh etc., Dasam Granth is illuminated with Guru Granth Sahib and daily Hukamnamas are also taken.
Sarbloh
'Sarbloh' 'Khalsa Mahima' in the Granth Compiled which is a certified composition of Guru Gobind Singh. Along with this, there are some compositions in Sarbloh Granth on the subject of Karma Kand, Person Worship etc. which are against the basic principles of Gurmat.
Bhai Gurdas Ki Vaars
Bhai Gurdas (AD 1551-1636) was the nephew of Guru Amardas. He stayed with the four gurus. He was the first in AD 1604 'Adi Granth' compiled. 'Bhai Gurdas Ki Vaaron' There are many works based on idol-worship and karma-theory which 'Gurmat' are against. Nevertheless, Guru Arjundev called his creation 'Key of Gurbani' Saying respected.
Mr. Gur Sobha
Most of the texts that can be used to know Sikh history were written after AD 1750. No text is considered completely reliable for the history of Sikhism. 'Shri Gur Sobha' It is the only book that has been written by a close disciple of Guru Gobind Singh, but dates have not been given in it. There are other historical texts of the Sikhs.
Shri Gur Partap Suraj Granth, Gur-Bilas Patshahi 10, Mahima Parkash, Panth Parkash, Janam-Sakhis etc. Shri Gur Partap Suraj Granth is explained in Gurdwaras. Kabhi 'Gur-Bilas Patshahi Dus' There was an explanation. Those who wrote the history of the Sikhs were often Sanatani scholars. Because of this, miracles of Gurus and devotees have been written in his books which are not compatible with Gurmat-darshan. 'Jamskhiyon' and 'Gur-Bilas' I have written incidents of Guru Nanak flying in the air, riding a crocodile, impregnating Mother Ganga by Baba Budha etc.
Gurdwara
'Gurdwara' religious place of Sikhs it is said. It does not contain the image of any Guru or God, but a copy of the Guru Granth Sahib is kept, which is treated as a Guru and is worshiped and worshiped. 'Shabd-Kirtan' by the glands are organized. There are many famous Gurudwaras in the country, in which Anandpur Sahib, Shishganj, Tarn Taran, Kartarpur Sahib, Rakabganj, Budha Johad etc. are prominent.
Golden Temple
The fourth Guru Ramdas had established a lake named Amritsar in Punjab. A city settled around it. This city was also called Amritsar. Fifth Guru Arjun Dev established the Akal Takht in Amritsar and built the Golden Temple. This is the biggest pilgrimage of the Sikhs. It is also called Sri Harmandir Sahib, Harmandir Sahib, Darbar Sahib and Golden Temple. This is the most important Gurudwara of Sikhs. This Gurudwara is situated in the middle of Amritsar Sarovar.
One has to go through a bridge to reach the Gurudwara. Guru Arjandev had laid the foundation of Harmandir Sahib in December 1588 by the Sufi saint of Lahore, Sai Mian Mir, who was also a disciple of Guru Arjandev. The map of this Gurudwara was prepared by Guru Arjun Dev himself. There are doors all around the Gurudwara, which open in all four directions (East, West, North, South). These doors indicate the arrival of people from the four varnas of the society to the Gurudwara.
The entire Gurudwara is made of white marble and its outer walls are gilded. That's why it is called the Golden Temple. There is a stone monument in the temple premises which has been erected as a tribute to the martyr Sikh soldiers. One of the four gates of Sri Harimandir Sahib opens towards Guru Ramdas Sarai. In this, langar runs round the clock, in which about 40 thousand people take prasad daily. There is a berry tree in the Sri Harimandir Sahib complex which is called Beer Baba Budha. When the Golden Temple was being built, Baba Buddha used to sit under this tree and watch the construction work of the temple.
At a distance of 100 meters from the Golden Temple is the gold-studded, Akal Takht. It has one underground floor and five other floors. A museum and auditorium have also been built in it. Sarbat Khalsa meetings are held here. Every problem related to Sikhism is solved in this auditorium.
On the right side of the Gurudwara is the Akal Takht, which was constructed in AD 1606. After visiting the Akal Takht, devotees enter the Golden Temple. Darbar Sahib is situated here. Important decisions were taken here at that time. Near it is the office of Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee. At present, this committee takes important decisions related to Sikhism.
The Muslims tried to destroy the Golden Temple several times, but the Sikhs rebuilt it every time. In the 18th century, Ahmad Shah Abdali attacked this gurudwara and badly damaged it. It was reconstructed by Sardar Jassa Singh Ahluwalia.
In AD 1757, the Muslims again took control of the Golden Temple. Then in AD 1761, Baba Deep Singh got the Gurdwara freed after a fierce struggle with the Muslims. The Golden Temple was completely destroyed by Afghan raiders in the 19th century. Then Maharaja Ranjit Singh (AD 1801-39) rebuilt it and gilded its outer walls.