The concept of a chain reaction world war is based on the idea that the use of nuclear weapons by one country would likely lead to retaliation by the other side, which could in turn lead to further escalation and the involvement of other countries. For example, if the United States and Russia were to engage in a nuclear exchange, it is possible that other countries such as China, France, and the United Kingdom could become involved, either because they are allies of one of the original belligerents or because they fear the spread of nuclear weapons.
The potential for a chain reaction world war is a major concern for policymakers around the world. It is one of the reasons why nuclear proliferation is considered to be such a serious threat, and why there is such a strong push for nuclear disarmament. If a chain reaction world war were to occur, it could have devastating consequences for humanity, causing widespread death and destruction and potentially leading to the end of civilization.