Charles de Blois became Duke of Brittany in 1341, having married Jeanne de Penthièvre (known as La Boiteuse), niece of Duke Jean III of Brittany in 1337 in Paris, which triggered the War of Succession of Brittany when by the judgment of Conflans, King Philippe VI of France recognized Charles de Bloi
Charles is the son of Louis I, Duke of Orléans, brother of King Charles VI of France. His childhood was marked by the conflict between his father and Jean sans Peur, Duke of Burgundy, a conflict which was at the origin of the civil war between Armagnacs and Burgundians. His father was killed on the
Brother of Louis XVI and Louis XVIII. In 1789, then Count of Artois, he was one of the first to emigrate. In 1824, he acceded to the throne and showed himself faithful to his absolutist positions, choosing as minister Villèle, whose authoritarian policy reinforced the opposition movements which asse
Charles VIII was the son of Louis XI and Charlotte of Savoy. On the death of his father, his sister Anne de Beaujeu took over his guardianship. A rebellion of princes led by Louis II of Orléans triggers the Mad War. Charles marries Anne de Bretagne (daughter of François II), initially promised to th
Son of Charles VI, his legitimacy (questionable according to the Treaty of Troyes) was recognized by the Armagnacs and he benefited the support of Joan of Arc, whose victories over the English opened the way for him to Reims, where, until then called the king of Bourges, he was crowned in 1429. The
Charles VI called the Beloved then Charles the Fool is the son of Charles V. On the death of his father , he is under the tutelage of his four uncles, who use and abuse the resources of the kingdom. Charles VI chases them away and recalls his fathers Marmousets. In 1392, in the forest of Le Mans, he
Third king of the so-called branch of Valois, Charles V is the son of John II the Good. He is the first heir to use the title dauphin, after his father acquired the province of Dauphiné. Charles must very early ensure the Regency of the kingdom after the capture of his father in Poitiers. In 1358, t
Charles Martel (the one who strikes like a hammer) is the son of Pépin dHerstal. From the death of his father in 714, Charles had to oppose his mother-in-law Pléctrude in order to recover his right to the succession granted to him by Pépin de Herstal. Very clever, Charles manages to get himself elec
Son of Louis VIII and Blanche of Castile. After his marriage, his brother the King of France Louis IX made him Count of Anjou and Count of Maine (1246-1285), thereby creating the second Angevin dynasty (after that of the Plantagenêts). In 1248, he took part in the Seventh Crusade. In 1266 Charles of
Charles IX was 10 years old when he succeeded his older brother François II. From the beginning of his reign, in 1560, he opened the Estates General convened by his mother and Michel de lHospital. The latter ensure the guardianship of the young king, and lead a policy of conciliation towards the Pro
Charles IV le Bel is the last king of the so-called direct Capetian dynasty. Also king of Navarre, he is the son of Philippe IV le Bel and Jeanne Ière de Navarre. In 1307, he had married Blanche de Bourgogne, condemned for adultery in 1315. Charles IV then married Marie de Luxembourg then her cousin
Posthumous son of Louis II dit le Bègue and Adelaide de Frioul. Simple did not mean foolish, but honest. Too young to reign at the death of his brothers, he was dispossessed of his crown by Emperor Charles III the Fat. After the deposition of Charles, the nobles of the kingdom elect the Count of Par
Son of Louis the German and Emma. In 881, Charles was crowned Emperor of the West. Called to ensure the regency of Charles III, last son of Louis II le Bègue, he took the opportunity to be crowned king of France in 885. The Empire of Charlemagne was thus reconstituted, with the exception of Provence
In 1507 he accompanied Louis XII to Genoa, for the fourth expedition to Italy. After Marignan, François I then conquered the Milanese and appointed him constable and viceroy of the Milanese. In 1521 his wife died and Louise of Savoy, mother of Francis I, claimed the fiefs of the Bourbons. The trial
Son of Ludwig I and Judith of Bavaria. Influenced by his wife, Louis favors Charles to the detriment of his eldest sons from a first marriage:Lothaire, Pépin and Louis le Germanique. After the death of their father, Charles the Bald allies himself with Louis the Germanic and defeats Lothaire and Pép
Son of Pepin the Short, king of the Franks from 768. Conqueror, administrator and legislator, he acted as master and defender of the Church, which was the instrument of his policy of cultural renewal. On the death of his brother Carloman (771), he inherited the Frankish state. In 774, he began his c
Officer of the Navy, Charette defends the Tuileries on August 10. After the fall of the king, he joined the Vendée insurgents at Machecoul. He will abandon the other Vendée leaders who disagree. He led the revolt of the Armée du Marais and distinguished himself by his independence. He took part in t
French diplomat and general. He was actively involved in his mission to Russia, where he was ambassador from 1807 to 1811. He became Bonapartes aide-de-camp in 1802, and he was Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1813. He represented Napoleon at the Congress of Châtillon. He is a faithful friend of the E
Daughter of Lorenzo II de Medici (to whom Machiavelli dedicated The Prince), Catherine grew up in Italy before to marry the future King of France Henry II. When the king dies, the superstitious Catherine dresses in black and mourns until her death. She governed with the Guises during the minority of
Carrier and merchant, Cathelineau is a pious commoner. From March 1793, he launched into the Vendée revolt. His influence spreads and his group manages to overthrow Cholet, Thouars and Saumur. He was quickly appointed general-in-chief of the Catholic and royal army. The Saint of Anjou is a real idol
Martin Luther King was an American pastor committed to equal civil rights for black people. In line with Gandhi in India, he defends non-violent methods to fight against racial discrimination and obtain reforms. Nobel Peace Prize in 1964, he organized a march on Washington during which he gave a spe
French soldier, Marie-Thérèse Figueur (1774 – 1861) , nicknamed Sans-Gêne for her audacity and outspokenness, participated in many campaigns and battles. Young orphan Daughter of Claudine Viard and François Figueur, a miller, Marie-Thérèse Figueur was born on January 17, 1774 in Talmay, Burgundy
Coming from a modest Montalbanaise family, Marie Gouze moved to Paris on the death of her husband in 1766. She became known there under the pseudonym Olympes de Gouges through her writings and political battles and engaged in a fight against all injustices, mainly against those done to women and bla
Gordon Vere Childe was born on April 14, 1892, in Sydney, Australia. He studied there and graduated from the university in his hometown, from which he transferred to Oxford. At first he was interested in classical philology but under the influence of professors A. Evans and J. Myres he turned to pre