Historical Figures

• 1. Subject Admission

  Many great personalities of India were born in Maharashtra, located in the northern center of peninsular India and in the south-west of India. In AD 1630, Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje was born in this Maharashtra state. Four hundred and fifty years before his birth, India was mired in strange political

• Construction of buildings by Maharaja Surajmal

  During the period of Akbar and Shah Jahan, many grand buildings were constructed in many cities like Agra, Fatehpur Sikri and Delhi. These buildings became symbols of the glory of the Mughals. After getting the title of Raja in AD 1722, Raja Badan Singh and his son Surajmal decided to build magnific

• Personality of Maharaja Surajmal

  Maharaja Surajmal was tall in stature, slightly fat in body and dark in complexion. His eyes were very bright. He was courteous, humble, intelligent, patient, prudent, heroic, pious, venerable, and a visionary king. He loved his father Badan Singh and sons very much. He did not allow his fathers kin

• Maharaja Surajmal attained the kingdom

  Although Surajmal was looking after the work of Bharatpur state for the last 14 years, but on the death of Raja Badan Singh in AD 1756, Surajmal duly became the king of Bharatpur. He had the experience of participating in many wars and managing the state for a long time. The Mughal Empire had become

• confront the Marathas

  When Safdarjung went to Awadh, the Maratha army under the leadership of Malharrao Holkars son Khanderao set foot in Rajputana. He went straight to the princely state of Jaipur and asked for tax from Raja Madho Singh there. Taking taxes from Madho Singh, the Marathas proceeded towards the princely st

• 16. Shivaji's Carnatic Campaign

  When Shivaji plundered the Mughal territory in South India several times, his attention turned to Karnataka. Agriculture and a variety of industries flourished in Karnataka for four centuries without Muslim invasions. Because of this the people there were very prosperous and peaceful. At this time s

• 15. Reinvasion of Mughals

  After retiring from the programs of coronation and the ethos of the death of the queen mother and princess, Shivajis attention turned to the Mughal Subedar Bahadur Khan who was these days camping at Pendgaon near the Bhima river. Aurangzeb had again called Diler Khan to Delhi. For this reason, Subed

• 14. Governance of Shivaji's Kingdom

  The administration of his kingdom was done by Shivaji according to the ancient Kshatriya states. Ashta-Pradhan was appointed to conduct the state business. All the work of the state was divided among these eight princes (1.) Peshwa:The head administrator of the state was called Peshwa. Shivaji appo

• 13. Coronation of Shivaji

  Shivajis kingdom was now very big. The Mughal armies in South India were completely ruined by the wounds of Shivajis sword. The old sultans of Bijapur and Golconda were dead and the new sultans had no power to resist. Therefore Shivaji was now the sovereign master of his kingdom. The general public

• 12. Sacrifice of Senapati Pratap Rao

  Death of the ruler of Golconda Abdullah Qutb Shah, the ruler of Golconda died on 21 April 1672 and Abul Hasan Qutb Shah was succeeded by the Sultan of Golconda. He was influenced by the Sufis and did not accept the bigotry of Sunni Muslims as justified. He appointed Hindu ministers and officials eq

• 11. Battle of Salher-Mulher

  In the beginning of AD 1672, Diler Khans general Ikhlas Khan laid siege on the Salher fort and Diler Khan and Bahadur Khan attacked Poona. He ordered the massacre in Poona. Shivaji played a trick to get them out of Poona. He sent his general Prataprao Gujar to attack Salher. Prataprao started beatin

• 10. Shivaji's opposition to Aurangzeb

  On 9 April 1669, Aurangzeb issued an order to the Hindu subjects that all Hindu temples and schools in the Mughal Empire should be demolished, Hindu festivals should not be celebrated and Hindus should not go on pilgrimage. The construction of new Hindu temples and schools was banned. To demolish Hi

• 9. Shivaji's visit to Agra

  Jai Singhs son Ram Singh Kachhwaha wanted to present Shivaji to the emperor in the court of Mango, but at the time of entering Agra, it took a long time to welcome Shivaji, till then Aurangzeb got up from the court mango, went to the court and sat down. Asad Khan Bakshi presented Shivaji to the empe

• 8. Expedition of Mirza Raja Jaisingh

  A week after his return from Surat, Shivaji received the news of the death of his father Shahaji in Raigad fort. Shahaji died in an accidental accident on 23 January 1664 while playing hunting. Hearing the news of Shahjis death, Jijabai decided to commit Sati, but Shivaji and Samarth Guru Ramdas wit

• 7. Robbery of Surat

  Shivaji had lost a lot of money in the campaign of Shaista Khan. Shivaji planned to plunder the territory of the Mughals to compensate for this wealth. In those days Surat was the richest city of the Mughal Empire and the main port of India. From here merchant ships from all over the world used to c

• 5. Sawai Jai Singh after the War of Succession

  Aurangzeb died on 21 February 1707. After his death, according to the tradition of the Mughals, a bloody struggle broke out among all the sons of the emperor for the Mughal throne. One of them had to win and the rest had to die. At the time of Aurangzebs death, his youngest son was Kambakhsh Dakshin

• 4. Aurangzeb and Sawai Jai Singh

  Jaisinghs Mansab When King Bharmal accepted Akbars suzerainty, he was initially given a mansab of five thousand. Raja Mansingh and Mirza Raja Jai ​​Singh were given mansabs up to seven thousand, but Aurangjab let Ram Singh, Bishan Singh and Jai Singh down for life by giving them very less mansab.

• 3. Political Conditions at the Ascension of Sawai Jai Singh

  Birth and Early Life Sawai Raja Jai ​​Singh (II) was born on 3 November 1688 in the palaces of Amer from the womb of Raja Bishan Singhs Rathore queen Indra Kunwari. Indra Kunwari was the daughter of Kashi Singh Jodha, the Rathod feudatories of Khairwa. At that time the age of Raja Bishan Singh was

• 2. Ancestors of Sawai Jai Singh

  The ancient Kshatriya dynasties of India considered their relation with any one of the Suryavansh, Chandravansh and Yaduvansh. The Ikshvaku clan was an ancient Kshatriya clan in the Suryavansh. A branch of the Ikshvakus was called Raghukul after the name of Maharaja Raghu. In this clan, Maryada Puru

• 1. Foreword

  In the early period, there were three kings named Dhundhar, Amber in the intermediate period and Jai Singh in the Jaipur state, which was named as Jaipur state in the later period. Jai Singh (I) was the king of Amer from 1621 to 1668 AD. He served three Mughal emperors – Jahangir (1605–1627 AD), Sha