1. Conquered a vast empire: Alexander the Great's most famous achievement is his conquest of a vast empire that stretched from Greece to India. At its peak, his empire covered over 5 million square kilometers (2 million square miles) and included parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa.
2. Established many new cities: Alexander the Great founded numerous new cities throughout his empire, many of which were named after him. Some of the most famous cities he founded include Alexandria in Egypt and Kandahar in Afghanistan.
3. Spread Greek culture throughout his empire: Alexander the Great spread Greek culture throughout his empire, leading to the development of several Hellenistic kingdoms. Hellenistic culture had a profound influence on the development of Western civilization, as it combined elements of Greek, Persian, Egyptian, and Indian cultures.
4. Built one of the largest monuments to his fame: He constructed the Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. This lighthouse was renowned as an architectural marvel of engineering complexity and artistry but later collapsed during a massive earthquake
5. Defeated powerful armies Alexander fought several of the most powerful armies of his time, including the Persians, Egyptians, and Indians. In the famed Battle of Gaugamela (331 BC), where his outnumbered Macedonians faced a massive Persian force led by King Darius III Codomannus and emerged victorious
6. Established lasting institutions: Some of his institutions endured, like the Greek system of governance in many successor states and the spread of Classical Greek and Greek learning from the Balkans to Bactria