- Octants (for measuring the angle between two objects, such as the sun and the horizon, to determine latitude)
- Compasses (for determining direction)
- Thermometers (for measuring temperature)
- Barometers (for measuring atmospheric pressure)
- Chronometers (for keeping accurate time)
- Telescopes (for observing celestial objects)
Weapons and Ammunition:
- Muskets (for hunting and defense)
- Pistols (for self-defense)
- Rifles (for hunting)
- Powder and shot
- Knives and axes
Supplies:
- Food (including salted pork, cornmeal, flour, beans, and rice)
- Clothing (including wool coats, leather pants, and moccasins)
- Tents (for shelter)
- Cooking utensils (including pots, pans, and kettles)
- Medical supplies (including bandages, medicines, and surgical instruments)
- Writing supplies (including pens, ink, and paper)
- Maps (of the Louisiana Territory and the surrounding areas)
- Books (for reference and entertainment)
- Gifts for the Native American tribes they encountered (including beads, mirrors, and cloth)