* Air pockets: When concrete is poured, air can become trapped in the mixture. As the concrete hardens, these air pockets can cause voids or holes in the statue.
* Improper curing: Concrete needs to be properly cured in order to develop its full strength. If concrete is not cured properly, it can be more susceptible to damage, including the formation of holes.
* Freezing and thawing: When concrete freezes, the water in the concrete expands and can cause the concrete to crack or spall. This can lead to the formation of holes in the statue.
* Chemical reactions: Certain chemicals, such as acids and salts, can react with concrete and cause it to deteriorate. This can lead to the formation of holes in the statue.
* Physical damage: Holes in concrete statues can also be caused by physical damage, such as impact from objects or vandalism.