Felipe Santiago Salaverry del Solar (1806-1836), was born in Lima on May 3, 1806. Son of Felipe Santiago Salaverry y Ayerdi, accountant of tobacco revenues from Arequipa (1812-1813), and the lady from Lima, Micaela del Solar and Duke of Estrada. , Lima. He studied Latin grammar at the University of San Marcos (1817) and rhetoric and Latin at the San Carlos Convictory (1818-1819). As a boarder he studied mathematics, logic and music at the Colegio de San Fernando (1820). At the end of that year, when he was only fourteen years old, he ran away from his parents' house and appeared before San Martín at the Huaura headquarters, along with Juan Antonio Pezet . Incorporated into the "Numancia" battalion, he carried out the second campaign in the central highlands under the orders of General Juan Antonio Álvarez de Arenales, later fighting in the first siege of Callao. For the courage shown in campaign he was promoted to second lieutenant (January 1822) and assigned to battalion No. 1 of the Peruvian Legion. Already with the rank of second lieutenant he attended the adverse battles of Torata and Moquegua, during the first intermediate expedition (1823). The following year he participated in the battles of Junín and Ayacucho, and was in the occupation of Potosí (April 30, 1825). As sergeant major he went to Lima in 1825 to guard the barracks of the Granaderos battalion No. 9, where he had to conjure up a mutiny led by Lieutenant Colonel Alejandro Huavique (March 23, 1828).
Imprisonment and political persecution of Felipe Salaverry
In 1829 he was appointed aide-de-camp to President José de La Mar, attending the actions of Saraguro (February 13) and Pórtete de Tarqui (February 27). When La Mar was overthrown, he was imprisoned in Piura, but later Gamarra offered him the sub-prefecture of Tacna in 1831. Since he had no intention of accepting the position, he temporarily left Governor José Rosa Ara in his place and traveled to Lima to request his withdrawal. Accused of conspiracy, he was arrested and sentenced to imprisonment in the village of Huallaga, near Marañón, in the department of Amazonas (July 26, 1833). In complicity with his own guardians, he deposed the prefect in Chachapoyas, ignoring Gamarra's government. He was captured and chained, but once again he convinced his captors and made a new pronouncement on October 26, 1833. He marched to Trujillo and at the Moche sentry box he confronted the forces of General Francisco de Vidal, and near the the Lambayecan town of Lagunas to Colonel Pedro Munecas, suffering successive defeats . He withdrew to Piura and, handed over to Vidal, was shipped to Guayaquil; He managed to make the ship divert its course and landed on the beaches of Lambayeque, immediately passing to Trujillo in February 1834. By then the provisional government had been reestablished in Lima and Salaverry led a mobilization against the local authorities, whose loyalty was mistrusted. He assumed the position of general commander of the department of La Libertad and joined the forces that operated against the revolutionaries in the department of Junín . He arrived with his troops in Lima in the first days of March 1834, already concurring with the rank of colonel, to the action of Huaylacucho (April 17, 1834) and the "embrace of Maquinguayo" (April 24, 1834).
The seizure of power and death of Felipe Salaverry
Seeking his support, President Orbegoso promoted him to brigadier general, but in this new rank Salaverry only thought of becoming a caudillo . He stormed the rebellious fortresses of Callao and was appointed governor of said plaza. Using a ruse, he convinced Orbegoso to go south to fight a fictitious alliance between Gamarra and Echenique and, absent, he proclaimed himself supreme chief on February 24, 1835 . In April he appeared in Trujillo with reinforcement troops to put down the uprising of General Domingo Nieto, who fled to the Huaylas alley. Salaverry was recognized in various parts of the country and, to combat him, Orbegoso went to General Andrés de Santa Cruz, accepting the intervention of the Bolivian army and committing himself to establishing a confederation . This gave Salaverry the opportunity to attribute a claiming character to his campaign, confronting Santa Cruz in Gramadal (January 26, 1836) and in Uchumayo (February 4). Defeated in Socabaya, he went to Mollendo and surrendered to General Guillermo Miller, with whom he attempted a negotiation. This did not prosper and he was taken prisoner before Santa Cruz. Subjected to a summary process and transgressing all regular war conventions, he was shot on February 18, 1836 in the Plaza de Armas of Arequipa .